مروری بر سازوکار عملکرد کرم های پلاستيک خوار ناجی محيط زیست
محورهای موضوعی : پلیمرهای بازیافتی و مدیریت زبالهسیدامیرحسین موسوی آقاباقر 1 , رضا جهان مردي 2
1 - علوم تحقيقات
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي
کلید واژه: ضایعات پلاستیکی, پلی‌استایرن, پلی‌اتیلن, زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری ,
چکیده مقاله :
هرساله 5/2 میلیون تن پلاستیک وارد اقیانوس‌ها می‌شود. در خشکی نیز پلاستیک در زمین‌های دفع زباله، سواحل و دیگر زیست‌بوم‌های حساس سراسر جهان جمع می‌شود. تحقیقات اخیر نشان داده است نوعی کرم ممکن است به ما در حل مشکل عظیم زباله‌های پلاستیکی کمک کند. دانشمندان کشف کرده‌اند که نوعی کرم می‌تواند استایروفوم و دیگر پلی‌استایرن‌ها را در رژیم غذایی خود جای دهد. به گفته آن‌ها، نه‌تنها کرم‌ها با رژیم غذایی استایروفوم به حیات خود ادامه می‌دهند، بلکه ریزاندام‌واره‌های موجود در احشای آن‌ها طی فرایند گوارش، پلاستیک را تجزیه کرده و تبدیل به دی‌اکسیدکربن و ماده غذایی مورد نیاز بدن خود می‌کنند. مواد زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر دفع‌شده از کرم‌ها نیز به نظر می‌رسد می‌تواند به عنوان کود برای بارورکردن خاک زمین کشاورزی استفاده شود. دانشمندان به دنبال راهکارهایی برای پیاده‌سازی این کشف با روشی مناسب هستند تا زباله‌های پلاستیکی را از بین برده و راهکاری برای نجات اقیانوس‌ها، رودخانه‌ها و تمام محیط‌زیست از عواقب غیرقابل‌اجتناب تجمع پلاستیک ایجاد کنند. در این مطالعه مروری، به بررسی مقاله‌های مرتبط با تجزیه زیستی پلی‌اتیلن و پلی‌استایرن و پلی‌پروپیلن پرداخته شده است.
Every year, an enormous amount of 2.5 million tons of plastic enter the oceans. On land, plastic also accumulates in landfills, beaches and other sensitive ecosystems around the world which has been a huge concern through the years. Recent research has been conducted to show us that one type of worm may help us solve the huge problem of plastic waste. Scientists have discovered that the larvae of a type of worm, Mealworm called Tenebrio Molitor, can include styrofoam and other polystyrenes as well as polyethylene in their diet. Not only do worms go on a styrofoam diet, they say, but the microorganisms in their gut can break down plastics during their digestive process, turning it into carbon dioxide and eventually use it as the nutrients that their bodies need. Biodegradable materials disposed by worms also seem to be used as fertilizer to fertilize and impregnate agricultural soil. We are looking for solutions to implement this discovery in a way that eliminates plastic waste therefore can be a solution to clearer oceans, rivers and the entire environment from the inevitable consequences of plastic accumulation. In this review study, narrations from articles related to the biodegradation of polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene have been reviewed.
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