کاربرد هيدروژل‌های نانوکامپوزیتی مبتنی بر زیست‌پلیمرها در سامانه‌های دارورسانی
محورهای موضوعی : سامانه های پلیمری تحریک پذیر
محمدحسین کرمی
1
(دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیر کبیر (پلی تکنیک تهران))
مجید عبدوس
2
(دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر ، تهران، صندوق پستی: 4413- 15875)
محمدرضا کلایی
3
(دانشگاه آزاد - تهران جنوب)
امید مرادی
4
(- دانشیار ، گروه مهندسی پلیمر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، صندوق پستی)
کلید واژه: هیدروژل زیست‌نانوکامپوزیت‌ها, نانوذرات آلی, رهایش دارو, نانوذرات معدنی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی خواص هیدروژل‌های زیست‌پلیمری نانوکامپوزیت حاوی نانوذرات و کاربرد آن‌ها در سامانه‌های رهایش دارو است. هیدروژل نانوکامپوزیت‌های زیست‌پلیمری در سال‌های اخیر به‌صورت طبیعی و مصنوعی تهیه شده‌اند. هر کدام از روش‌ها مزایا و معایب خاص خود را دارند. در میان زیست پلیمرهای طبیعی، سلولز، کربوکسی متیل‌سلولز، کیتوسان، کربوهیدرات متیل کیتوسان، آلژینات، نشاسته و ژلاتین به‌طور گسترده‌ای برای آماده‌سازی هیدروژل نانوکامپوزیت‌های زیست‌پلیمری و همچنین در میان زیست پلیمرهای مصنوعی، پلی‌اتیلن‌گلیکول، پلی‌وینیل‌الکل و پلی آکریلیک‌اسید مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته‌اند. هیدروژل‌ها بعد از بیشینه تورم، استحکام مکانیکی خود را از دست می‌دهند، بنابراین کاربردهایشان محدود می‌شود. سامانه‌های دارورسانی برای رهایش عوامل درمانی به‌کار می‌روند. حامل‌های مختلفی در طراحی سامانه دارورسانی مؤثر برای رهاسازی درمانی به مکان‌های هدف، از جمله پلیمرهای طبیعی و مصنوعی، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته‌اند. هیدروژل نانوکامپوزیتی زیست‌سازگار در سال‌های اخیر به‌عنوان یکی از امیدوارکننده‌ترین سامانه‌های تحویل دارو با توجه به قابلیت‌های منحصربه‌فرد خود با ترکیب ویژگی‌های هیدروژل با نانوذرات مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته‌اند. در زمینه رهایش دارو در سال‌های اخیر پیشرفت قابل‌توجهی حاصل شده که به‌ویژه با پیشرفت سریع نانوداروها باعث درک بهتر و بهبود رهایش دارو در مقابل بیماری‌های عفونی و سرطانی شده است.
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing and retaining significant amounts of fluids, which are also widely applied in wound healing, cartilage tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering, release of proteins, growth factors, and antibiotics. In the past decades, a lot of research has been done to accelerate wound healing. Hydrogel-based scaffolds have been a recurring solution in both cases, although their mechanical stability remains a challenge, some of which have already reached the market. To overcome this limitation, the reinforcement of hydrogels with fibers has been investigated. The structural similarity of hydrogel fiber composites to natural tissues has been a driving force for the optimization and exploration of these systems in biomedicine. Indeed, the combination of hydrogel formation techniques and fiber spinning methods has been very important in the development of scaffold systems with improved mechanical strength and medicinal properties. Hydrogel has the ability to absorb secretions and maintain moisture balance in the wound. In turn, the fibers follow the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The combination of these two structures (fiber and hydrogel ) in a scaffold is expected to facilitate healing by creating a suitable environment by identifying and connecting cells with the moist and breathing space required for healthy tissue formation. Modifying the surface of fibers by physical and chemical methods improves the performance of hydrogel composites containing
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