per ipstsپژوهش و توسعه فناوری پلیمر ایران 2538-3345 2588-39332026-09112articleMohammad khalili mahanikhalilimahani80@gmail.com1<div class="ds-message _63c77b1"> <div class="ds-markdown ds-assistant-message-main-content"> <p class="ds-markdown-paragraph"><strong><span class="">Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) Resin</span></strong><span class="">&nbsp;plays a pivotal role in various industries due to its high reactivity, ambient-temperature curing, and excellent adhesion. This review article examines recent advances in the industrial applications of RF. In the tire industry, the RFL adhesive system remains the standard, but non-toxic alternatives such as aminoresin-based resins have shown up to a 30.8% improvement in adhesion. In the wood industry, tannin-resorcinol-formaldehyde (TRF) adhesives exhibit suitable mechanical performance for structural applications in cross-laminated timber manufacturing. Epoxy/RF composite coatings increase corrosion resistance by more than two orders of magnitude compared to pure epoxy. Furthermore, mesoporous hollow RF nanospheres loaded with corrosion inhibitors provide smart protection. In the field of advanced materials, RF-derived aerogels and carbon aerogels, with specific surface areas of up to 3600 m&sup2;/g and thermal conductivities as low as 0.023 W/m&middot;K, have found widespread applications in thermal insulation, hydrogen storage, and supercapacitors. Despite environmental challenges due to the toxicity of the raw materials, the compound annual growth rate of the RF market is projected to be around 4&ndash;7.5%, driven by demand in the automotive and construction sectors. This review demonstrates that despite competition from green alternatives, RF remains an important material due to its unique properties.</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="ds-theme">&nbsp;</div> <div class="ds-flex _0a3d93b">&nbsp;</div>http://irdpt.ir/Article/53670Resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive tire anti-corrosion coating aerogelper ipstsپژوهش و توسعه فناوری پلیمر ایران 2538-3345 2588-39332026-09112articleAli Esmaillialiesmailli@semnan.ac.ir1Mohammad Hossein Khalesimhkhalesi@semnan.ac.ir2Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian doost@semnan.ac.ir3Semnan UniversitySemnan University<p><span class="">Soft robotics, utilizing polymeric and elastomeric materials, continuous bodies, and inherent flexibility, has created a new paradigm in automation, offering unparalleled adaptability and safety in unpredictable environments. This systematic review analyzes recent advances from four interconnected perspectives: materials and actuators, locomotion patterns, navigation strategies, and future horizons. First, polymer- and elastomer-based soft actuators&mdash;including elastomeric pneumatics, dielectric elastomers, ionic electroactive polymers, biocompatible polymer hydrogels, and magnetic polymer matrices&mdash;together with multi-material additive manufacturing and programmable polymers with intrinsic responsiveness, have enabled the integration of sensing and actuation. Second, polymer and elastomer robots, using nature-inspired mechanisms, demonstrate multimodal locomotion in complex environments, from crawling and jumping on land with electrohydraulic shells, to fish-like swimming with polymer fins, jet propulsion with elastomeric chambers, and flapping-wing flight with flexible wings. Third, path planning algorithms, configuration control, and real-time shape sensing have empowered polymer continuum robots with autonomous and precise navigation in cluttered environments. Remaining challenges include wireless power supply, development of multifunctional polymers that simultaneously offer strength, biocompatibility, and self-healing, adaptive control, and standardization. The convergence of soft robotics with artificial intelligence and polymer engineering promises a generation of robots that blur the boundary between machine and living organism.</span></p>http://irdpt.ir/Article/53738Soft robotics Polymeric and elastomeric materials Multimodal locomotion Continuum robots Autonomous navigationper ipstsپژوهش و توسعه فناوری پلیمر ایران 2538-3345 2588-39332026-09112articleparsa motaghiparsamotaghi216@gmail.com1mehrnoush mohammadimehrnoush_mohammadi@yahoo.com2Department of Chemical & Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , South Tehran Capus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Chemical & Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , South Tehran Capus, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran<p>As a cornerstone of the global economy, the petrochemical industry has constantly grappled with challenges such as highly complex chemical processes, soaring energy costs, and the critical need to maintain safety in hazardous environments. However, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven technologies is fundamentally reshaping traditional management and control paradigms across the sector. This paper examines the transformative role of AI in optimizing production processes, driving product innovation, implementing predictive maintenance, streamlining supply chains, enhancing operational safety, and automating intelligent decision-making. Beyond establishing a theoretical framework, this study analyzes how these technologies are applied by leading global corporations as well as their counterparts within the Iranian petrochemical industry. Furthermore, it adopts a critical lens to evaluate the technical dimensions, implementation hurdles, and economic feasibility&mdash;specifically cost-effectiveness and return on investment (ROI)&mdash;of deploying these advanced systems compared to conventional methods. Additionally, the impact of these technologies on mitigating operational fluctuations, extending equipment lifespan, and minimizing human errors is explored. The findings indicate that while integrating AI demands substantial upfront investment in both infrastructure and specialized talent, the long-term reduction in operational costs and boost in productivity make it an indispensable requirement for maintaining a competitive edge in global markets</p>http://irdpt.ir/Article/54183Artificial Intelligence Petrochemical Economic Analysisper ipstsپژوهش و توسعه فناوری پلیمر ایران 2538-3345 2588-39332026-09112articleVahid Safarifardvsafarifard@iust.ac.ir1Maedeh Atoufi Kashanimatofikashani@gmail.com2Rahil ShokoohianShokoohian92@gmail.com3Iran university of science and technologyIran university of science and technology<p style="padding-right: 30px; text-align: left;">Sunlight, as a clean and renewable energy source, can play an effective role in converting the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO₂) into high-value-added products through the photocatalytic process. This approach is not only economically significant, enabling the production of chemical fuels and industrial raw materials, but it is also noteworthy as an attractive and sustainable strategy to combat the excessive release of CO₂, which is the primary driver of global warming and climate change. In this context, the utilization of solar-driven photocatalysis offers a viable route to address both energy and environmental challenges simultaneously. Among the diverse range of photocatalytic materials developed to date, photocatalysts based on porous coordination polymers (PCPs) or metal&ndash;organic frameworks (MOFs) have demonstrated exceptional potential in the field of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction, owing to their unique characteristics such as ultra-high porosity, considerable specific surface area, and tunable chemical structures. These structural advantages enable precise modulation of their surface active sites, which are crucial for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency and product selectivity. In this review study, recent advances in the rational design of MOF-based photocatalysts&mdash;including three main categories: pristine MOF materials, MOF-based composites, and MOF-derived derivatives&mdash;are systematically summarized and classified. Furthermore, novel modification strategies developed to improve the photocatalytic performance of these compounds, including approaches for linker and metal-node engineering, formation of metal&ndash;organic layers, and composite fabrication, are specifically highlighted.</p>http://irdpt.ir/Article/53899Photocatalytic CO2 reduction metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) advanced composites MOF-derived materials charge transfer.per ipstsپژوهش و توسعه فناوری پلیمر ایران 2538-3345 2588-39332026-09112articleMohanna Chegenimohannachegeni8347@gmail.com1Zahra Talebpourztalebpour@alzahra.ac.ir2Tehran, Alzahra University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry<p style="text-align: justify;">Natural macromolecules, including lectins, Protein A, and antibodies, are recognized as a class of biologically derived affinity sorbents<span style="font-size: 12pt;"> due to their ability to establish highly specific interactions with target analytes. Affinity liquid chromatography and affinity solid-phase extraction based on these biomolecules represent powerful approaches for the selective separation and targeted preconcentration of analytes from complex biological, environmental, and food matrices. Owing to their high selectivity and molecular recognition capability, these affinity sorbents have attracted considerable attention in recent years in the fields of analytical chemistry, life sciences, and separation technologies. This review discusses the fundamental principles governing the performance of these affinity sorbents and highlights the expansion of their applications in solid-phase extraction and micro-solid-phase extraction techniques. Their applications in pathogen detection, glycoprotein analysis, and biomarker determination are described. In addition, practical examples of coupling these affinity sorbents with advanced analytical and separation techniques, including mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis, are presented. Furthermore, the advantages and capabilities of these affinity sorbents in improving extraction selectivity, enhancing extraction efficiency, minimizing matrix effects, and advancing modern sample preparation strategies are discussed. Finally, their potential applications in biomedical, environmental, and food analysis are briefly reviewed and evaluated, with emphasis on recent developments.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">&nbsp;</span></p>http://irdpt.ir/Article/54243Affinity sorbent solid-phase microextraction dispersive solid-phase extraction in-tube solid-phase microextraction pipette-tip solid-phase microextractionper ipstsپژوهش و توسعه فناوری پلیمر ایران 2538-3345 2588-39332026-09112articleSeyedeh Bentolhoda Hosseinianhosseinian999@gmail.com1Mosayeb Vahed Navanmosayeb.vahed.17@gmail.com2Milad Ghanim.ghani@umz.ac.ir3university of MazandaranUniversity of Mazandaran<p style="text-align: left;">Addressing global environmental challenges requires the use of advanced materials that have a high ability to effectively remove pollutants through solid-phase extraction methods. This review article reviews the latest developments in polymers produced by three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D; stimuli-responsive polymers) printing technologies which is used for the extraction methods. It is shown how three dimentional-printed structures can improve pollutant adsorption performance by providing tunable geometries, increased porosity, and higher specific surface area. Furthermore, the use of smart, responsive polymers in 4D printing technology allows for controlled deformation or release in response to external stimuli, such as temperature or pH, a capability that provides researchers with a new level of functional control. In this study, various printing technologies, including fused deposition modeling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and direct ink writing (DIW), are evaluated. Also, different polymer functionalization strategies, composite formulations, and their performance in removing heavy metals, organic pollutants, and pharmaceutical residues from complex samples are compared. This comprehensive review, while highlighting recent scientific achievements, also addresses existing challenges and can pave the way for future research and innovation in the development of sustainable and high-performance three-dimensional and&nbsp;four dimensional printing polymer materials.</p>http://irdpt.ir/Article/538393D printed polymers 4D printed polymers solid phase extraction sample preparation