irdpt-202605192020260519200942CMV Verlagkhoffmann@cmv-verlag.comCMV VerlagIran Polymer Technology, Research and Developmentirdpt2538-3345926202161ZahraKhoubi-Arani926202151510.66224/irdpt.27736.6.1.5http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/27736http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27736http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27736http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27736http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27736http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27736http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27736http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/277361. Hsieh Y.-L., Cellulose Nanofibers: Electrospinning and Nanocellulose Self-assemblies, In Advanced Green Composites, Netravali, A., Ed. John Wiley & Son, USA, 2018. 2. Frey M. W., Electrospinning Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives, Polymer Reviews, 48, 391-378, 2008. 3. Thorvaldsson A., Edvinsson P., Glantz A., Rodriguez K., Walkenström P., Gatenholm P., Superhydrophobic Behaviour of Plasma Modified Electrospun Cellulose Nanofiber-Coated Microfibers, Cellulose, 19, 1743-1748, 2012. 4. Santillán-MercadoJ. A., Rodríguez-Avilés Y. G., Bello S. A., González-Feliciano J. A., Nicolau E., Electrospun Cellulose and Nanocellulose Composites as a Biomaterial, In Electrospun Biomaterials and Related Technologies, Almodovar, J., Ed. Springer, Switzerland, 2017. 5. Jiji S., Thenmozhi S., Kadirvelu K., Comparison on Properties and Efficiency of Bacterial and Electrospun Cellulose Nanofibers, Fibers and Polymers, 19, 2498-2506, 2018. 6. Gopiraman M., Bang H., Yuan G., Yin C., Song K.-H., Lee J. S., Chung I. M., Karvembu R., Kim I. S., Noble Metal/Functionalized Cellulose Nanofiber Composites for Catalytic Applications, Carbohydrate Polymers, 132, 554-564, 2015. 7. Rahmani S., Rafizadeh M., Afshar Taromi F., Statistical Analysis of Nanofibers Alignment in Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electrospinning including an Alignment Percentage Formula, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 131, 41179, 2014. 8. Long Y.-Z., Yan X., Wang X.-X., Zhang J., Yu M., Electrospinning: The Setup and Procedure, In Electrospinning: Nanofabricationand Applications, Ding, B.; Yu, J.; Wang, X., Eds., Elsevier, 2019. 9. Rahmani S., Arefazar A., Latifi M., PMMA/PS Coaxial Electrospinning: Core–Shell Fiber Morphology as a Function of Material Parameters, Materials Research Express, 4, 035304, 2017. 10. Memarian F., Rahmani S., Yousefzadeh M., Latifi M., Wearable Technologies in Sportswear, In Materials in Sports Equipment, Subic, A., Ed. Elsevier, 2019. 11. Kim C.-W., Kim D.-S., Kang S.-Y., Marquez M., Joo Y. L., Structural Studies of Electrospun Cellulose Nanofibers, Polymer, 47, 5097-5107, 2006. 12. Kulpinski P., Cellulose Nanofibers Prepared by the N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide Method, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 98, 1855-1859, 2005. 13. Ahn Y., Hu D.-H., Hong J. H., Lee S. H., Kim H. J., Kim H., Effect of Co-solvent on the Spinnability and Properties of Electrospun Cellulose Nanofiber, Carbohydrate Polymers, 89, 340-345, 2012. 14. Ohkawa K., Nanofibers of Cellulose and its Derivatives Fabricated Using Direct Electrospinning, Molecules, 20, 9139-9154, 2015. 15. Otsuka I., Njinang C. N., Borsali R., Simple Fabrication of Cellulose Nanofibers via Electrospinning of Dissolving Pulp and Tunicate, Cellulose, 24, 3281-3288, 2017. 16. Li C., Chen R., Zhang X., Xiong J., Zheng Y., Dong W., Fabricationand Characterization of Electrospun Nanofibers of High DP Natural Cotton Lines Cellulose, Fibers and polymers, 12, 345-351, 2011. 17. Son W. K., Youk J. H., Lee T. S., Park W. H., Electrospinning of Ultrafine Cellulose Acetate Fibers: Studies of a New Solvent System and Deacetylation of Ultrafine Cellulose Acetate Fibers, Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 42, 5-11, 2004. 18. Khatri Z., Wei K., Kim B.-S., Kim I.-S., Effect of Deacetylation on Wicking Behavior of Co-electrospun Cellulose Acetate/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers Blend, Carbohydrate Polymers, 87, 2183-2188, 2012. 19. Ma Z., Kotaki M., Ramakrishna S., Electrospun Cellulose Nanofiber as Affinity Membrane, Journal of Membrane Science, 265, 115-123, 2005. 20. Kalwar K., Shen M., Electrospun Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers and Au@AgNPs for Antimicrobial Activity-A Mini Review, Nanotechnology Reviews, 8, 246-257, 2019. 21. Ahmed F., Arbab A. A., Jatoi A. W., Khatri M., Memon N., Khatri Z., Kim I. S., Ultrasonic-assisted Deacetylation ofCellulose Acetate Nanofibers: A Rapid Method to Produce Cellulose Nanofibers, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 36, 319-325, 2017. 22. Liu H., Hsieh Y.-L., Ultrafine Fibrous Cellulose Membranes from Electrospinning of Cellulose Acetate, Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 40, 2119-2129, 2002. 23. Ali S., Khatri Z., Oh K. W., Kim I.-S., Kim S. H., Preparation and Characterization of Hybrid Polycaprolactone/Cellulose Ultrafine Fibers via Electrospinning, Macromolecular Research, 22, 562-568, 2014. 24. Ahmed F., Saleemi S., Khatri Z., Abro M. I., Kim I.-S., Co-electrospun Poly (-caprolactone)/Cellulose Nanofibers-Fabrication and Characterization, Carbohydrate Polymers, 115, 388-393, 2015. 25. Du J., Hsieh Y.-L., Cellulose/Chitosan Hybrid Nanofibersfrom Electrospinning of their Ester Derivatives, Cellulose, 16, 247-260, 2009. 26. Qi H., Sui X., Yuan J., Wei Y., Zhang L., Electrospinning of Cellulose-based Fibers from NaOH/Urea Aqueous System, Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 295, 695-700,2010. 27. Feng Q., Wu D., Zhao Y., Wei A., Wei Q., Fong H., Electrospun AOPAN/RC Blend Nanofiber Membrane for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 344, 819-828, 2018. 28. Gopiraman M., Deng D., SaravanamoorthyS., Chung I.-M., Kim I. S., Gold, Silver and Nickel Nanoparticle Anchored Cellulose Nanofiber Composites as Highly Active Catalysts for the Rapid and Selective Reduction of Nitrophenols in Water, RSC Advances, 8, 3014-3023, 2018. 29. Pang Z., Yang Z., Chen Y., Zhang J., Wang Q., Huang F., Wei Q., A Room Temperature Ammonia Gas sensor based on Cellulose/TiO2/PANI Composite Nanofibers, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 494, 248-255, 2016. 30. Cai J., Lei M., Zhang Q., He J.-R., Chen T., Liu S., Fu S.-H., Li T.-T., Liu G., Fei P., Electrospun Composite Nanofiber Mats of Cellulose@ Organically Modified Montmorillonite for Heavy Metal Ion Removal: Design, Characterization, Evaluation of Absorption Performance, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 92, 10-16, 2017. 31. Wang S., Luo T., Zhu J., Zhang X., Su S., A Facile Way to Fabricate Cellulose-Ag@ AgCl Composites with Photocatalytic Properties, Cellulose, 23, 3737-3745, 2016. 32. Liu X., Lin T., Gao Y., Xu Z., Huang C., Yao G., Jiang L., Tang Y., Wang X., Antimicrobial Electrospun Nanofibers of Cellulose Acetate and Polyester Urethane Composite for Wound Dressing, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 100, 1556-1565, 2012.ZahraMaghsoud9262021172810.66224/irdpt.27737.6.1.17http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/27737http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27737http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27737http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27737http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27737http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27737http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27737http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/277371. Domun N., Hadavinia H., Zhang T., Sainsbury T., Liaghat G. H., Vahid, S., Improving the Fracture Toughness and the Strength of Epoxy Using Nanomaterials–a Review of the Current Status., Nanoscale 7, 10294-10329, 2015. 2.Raymond M.P., BuiV.T., Epoxy/Castor Oil Graft Interpenetrating Polymer Networks., Journal of Applied Polymer Science 70, 1649-1659, 1998. 3.Frisch H. L., Frisch K.C., KlempnerD., Glass Transitions of Topologically Interpenetrating Polymer Networks., Polymer Engineering & Science, 14, 646-650, 1974. 4.Hsieh K. H., HanJ.L., Graft Interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Polyurethane and Epoxy. I. Mechanical Behavior., Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 28, 623-630, 1990. 5.Yuanchang S., Wu Y, Zhu Z., Modification of Aqueous Acrylic–Polyurethane via Epoxy Resin Postcrosslinking., Journal of Applied Polymer Science 88, 470-475, 2003. 6.Shoubing C., Wang Q., Wang T., Polydimethylsiloxane-Toughened PU/EP IPN Composites Loaded with Carbon Nanotubes: Damping, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties., Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 30, 1038-1044, 2011. 7. Yuyan L., Modified Shape Memory Epoxy Resin Composites by Blending Activity Polyurethane., Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 127, 3152-3158, 2013. 8. Hsieh K H., HanJ.L.,Graft Interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Polyurethane and Epoxy. I. Mechanical Behavior., Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 28, 623-630, 1990. 9. Jiangxuan S., Properties and Morphology of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Poly (Urethane-Imide) and Epoxy Resin., Macromolecular Research 18, 944-950, 2010. 10. Shoubing C., Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Pastor Oil‐Based Polyurethane/Epoxy Graft Interpenetrating Polymer Network Composites., Journal of Applied Polymer Science 118,1144-1151, 2010. 11. Mariana C., Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Polyurethane-Epoxy Interpenetrating Polymer Networks, High Performance Polymers 21, 608-623, 2009. 12. Xuesong L., Composition Distribution, Damping and Thermal Properties of the Thickness-Continuous Gradient Epoxy/Polyurethane Interpenetrating Polymer Networks., Applied Sciences 7, 135, 2017. 13. Wei Min H., Yang B., Qing Fu Y., Polyurethane Shape Memory Polymers, CRC Press, 2011. 14. Cong W., Shape Memory Properties of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs) Based on Hyperbranched Polyurethane (HBPU)., European Polymer Journal, 123, 109393, 2020. 15. Harekrishna D., Karak N., Shape-Memory Property and Characterization of Epoxy Resin-Modified Mesua ferrea L. Seed Oil-Based Hyperbranched Polyurethane., Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 116,106-115, 2010. 16. Yuyan L.,Modified Shape Memory Epoxy Resin Composites by Blending Activity Polyurethane., Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 127, 3152-3158, 2013. 17.Yongtao Y., Preparation and Characterization of Shape Memory Composite Foams with Interpenetrating Polymer Networks., Smart Materials and Structures, 25, 2016. 18.Katalin C., One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Shape-Memory Poly (ε-Caprolactone) Based Polyurethane-Epoxy Co-networks with Diels–Alder Couplings., Polymers, 10.5, 504, 2018. 19. Shoubing C., Wang Q., Wang T., Damping, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Montmorillonite Modified Castor Oil-based Polyurethane/Epoxy Graft IPN Composites., Materials Chemistry and Physics ,130, 680-684, 2011. 20. Jia Q. M., Effects of Organophilic Montmorillonite on Hydrogen Bonding, Free Volume and Glass Transition Temperature of Epoxy Resin/Polyurethane Interpenetrating Polymer Networks., European Polymer Journal, 43, 35-42, 2007. 21. Sadegh Imani Y., Kazemi S.A., Öchsner A., Carbon Nanotubes as Reinforcement in Composites: A Review of the Analytical, Numerical and Experimental Approaches., Computational Materials Science, 136, 85-101, 2017. 22. Shoubing C., Wang Q., Wang T., Damping, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Modified Castor Oil-based Polyurethane/Epoxy Interpenetrating Polymer Network Composites." Materials & Design 38, 47-52, 2012. 23. Xia Shaoling., Identical Steady Tribological Performance of Graphene-Oxide-Strengthened Polyurethane/Epoxy Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Derived from Graphene Nanosheet., Polymer, 64,62-68, 2015. 24. Chen Shoubing.,Preparation, Damping and Thermal Properties of Potassium Titanate Whiskers Filled Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane/Epoxy Interpenetrating Polymer Network Composites., Materials & Design, 32, 803-807, 2011. 25. Jabeen Saira., A Review on Polymeric Nanocomposites of Nanodiamond, Carbon Nanotube, and Nanobifiller: Structure, Preparation and Properties." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 54, 1379-1409, 2015. mohammad rezakalaei9262021293810.66224/irdpt.27738.6.1.29http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/27738http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27738http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27738http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27738http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27738http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27738http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27738http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/277381. Ahmadi Z., Epoxy in Nanotechnology: A Short Review, Progress in Organic Coatings ,132, 445-448, 2019. 2. Ray S.S., Okamoto M., Polymer/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites: A Review from Preparation to Processing, Progress in Organic Coatings, 28, 1539-1641, 2003. 3. Zeng Q.H., Yu A.B., Lu G.Q., Paul D.R., Clay-based Polymer Nanocomposites: Research and Commercial Development, Journal of Nanoscience Nanotechnology, 5, 1574-1592, 2005. 4. Gao F., Clay/Polymer Composites: The Story Materials Today, 7, 50-55, 2004. 5. Hussain F., Hojjati M., Okamoto M., Gorga R.E., Review Article: Polymer-matrix Nanocomposites, Processing, Manufacturing, and Application: an Overview, Journal of Composite Materials, 40, 1511-1575, 2006. 6. Martino L., Guigo N., van Berkel J.G., Sbirrazzuoli N., Influence of Organically Modified Montmorillonite and Sepiolite Clays on the Physical Properties of Bio-based Poly(ethylene 2,5- furandicarboxylate), Composites Part B: Engineering, 110, 96-105, 2017. 7. Scarfato P., Incarnato L., Di Maio L., Dittrich B., Schartel B., Influence of a Novel Organo-Silylated Clay on the Morphology, Thermal and Burning Behavior of Low Density Polyethylene Composites, Composites Part B: Engineering, 98, 444 - 452, 2016. 8. Rosso P., Lin Ye., Epoxy/silica Nanocomposites Nanoparticle-induced Cure Kinetics and Microstructure, Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 28, 121-126, 2007. 9. Kalaee M.R., Famili M.H.N, Mahdavi H., Cure Kinetic of Poly (Alkyltetrasulfide) Using a Rheological, Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 48, 627-632, 2009. 10. Jouyandeh M., Rahmati N., Movahedifard E., Hadavand B.S., Karami Z., Ghaffari M., Taheri P., Bakhshandeh E., Vahabi H., Ganjali M.R., Formela K., Saeb M.R., Properties of Nano-Fe3O4 Incorporated Epoxy Coatings from Cure Index perspective, Progress in Organic Coatings, 133, 220-228, 2019. 11. Azeez A.A., Rhee K.Y., Park S.J., Hui D., Epoxy Clay Nanocomposites - processing, Properties and Applications: A review, Composites Part B: Engineering, 45, 308-320, 2013. 12. Pavlidou S., Papaspyrides C.D., A Review on Polymer-layered Silicate Nanocomposites, Progress in Polymer Science., 33, 1119-98, 2008. 13. Montserrat S., Málek J., A Kinetic Analysis of the Curing Reaction of an Epoxy Resin, Thermochimica Acta, 228, 47-60, 1993. 14. Málek J., A Computer Program for Kinetic Analysis of Non-isothermal Thermoanalytical Data, Thermochimica Acta,138, 337-346, 1989. 15. Ton T, M T., Ngo T. D., Ding P., Fang G., Cole K. C., Hoa S. V., Epoxy Nanocomposites: Analysis and Kinetics of Cure, Polymer Engineering and Science, 44, 1132-1141, 2004. 16. Li L., Zou H., Liang M., Chen Y., Study on the Effect of Poly(oxypropylene)diamine Modified Organic Montmorillonite on Curing Kinetics of Epoxy Nanocomposties, Thermochimica Acta, 597, 93-100, 2014. 17. Ngo T.D., That T., Hoa M.T., Cole K. C., Curing Kinetics and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites Based on Different Organoclays., Polymer Engineering and Science ,47, 649-661, 2007. 18. Ivankovic M., Brnardic I., Ivankovic H., Mencer H J., DSC Study of the Cure Kinetics During Nanocomposite Formation: Epoxy/poly(oxypropylene) Diamine/organically Modified Montmorillonite System, Journal of Applied Polymer Science ,99, 550-557, 2006. 19. Shanmugharaj A.M., Ryu S.H., Study on the Effect of Aminosilane Functionalized Nanoclay on the Curing kinetics of Epoxy Nanocomposites, Thermochimica Acta ,546, 16-23, 2012. 20. Seidi F., Jouyandeh M., Akbari V., Paran S. M. R., Livi S., Ducos F., Vahabi H., Ganjali M. R., Saeb M.R., Super‐crosslinked Ionic Liquid‐intercalated Montmorillonite/epoxy Nanocomposites: Cure Kinetics Viscoelastic Behavior and Thermal Degradation Mechanism, Polymer Engineering & Science, 60, 1940-1957, 2020. 21. Xu W. B., Bao S. P., Shen S. J., Hang, G. P., He P. S., Curing Kinetics of Epoxy Resin–Imidazole-organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposites Determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 88, 2932-2941, 2003. 22. RománF., Montserrat S., Hutchinson J. M., On the Effect of Montmorillonite in the Curing Reaction of Epoxy Nanocomposites, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 87, 113-118, 2007. 23. Ferdosian F., Ebrahimi M., Jannesari A., Curing Kinetics of Solid Epoxy/DDM/nanoclay: Isoconversional Models Versus Fitting Model, Thermochimica Acta, 568, 67-73, 2013. 24. Saad G.R., Elhamid A., Elmenyawy S.A, Dynamic Cure Kinetics and Thermal Degradation of Brominated Epoxy Resin-organoclay Based Nanocomposites, Thermochimica Acta, 524, 186- 193, 2011. 25. Butzloff P., D'Souza N.A., D Golden T., Garrett D., Epoxy/montmorillonite Nanocomposite: Effect of Composition on Reaction Kinetics, Polymer Engineering And Science, 41, 1794-1802, 2001. 26. Jafari I., Shakiba M., Khosravi F., Ramakrishna S., Abasi E., Teo Y.S., Kalaee M., Abdouss M., Ramazani S.A.A., Moradi O., Rezvani G.E., Thermal Degradation Kinetics and Modeling Study of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWP)/graphene Nanocomposite, Molecules, 26, 1597, 2021. 27. Karami M.H., Kalaee M.R., Review of Curing Kinetics of Epoxy Nanocomposites in the Presence of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, Journal of Basparesh, . 2021. DOI:10.22063/BASPARESH.2021.2824.1537. 28. Málek J., The Kinetic Analysis of Non-isothermal Data, Thermochimica Acta, 200, 257-269, 1992. 29. Vyazovkin S., Burnham A.K., Favergeon L., Koga N., Moukhina E., Luis A., Maqueda P., Sbirrazzuoli N., ICTAC Kinetics Committee Recommendations for Analysis of Multi-step Kinetics, Thermochimica Acta, 689, 178597, 2020. 30. Karami M.H., Kalaee M.R., MazinaniS., Martínez V.G., Wellen R.M.R., Ambrogi V., Shanmugharaj A.M., Kim K., Isoconversional Model Approach and Cure Kinetics of Epoxy/ NBR Nanocomposites, Proceeding of the 14th International Seminar on Polymer Science and Technology (ISPST 2020), Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, 9-12 November, 2020. 31. Karami M.H., Kalaee M.R., Curing of Epoxy/UFNBRP Nanocomposites Using Calorimetric Method, Proceeding of the 11th International Chemical Engineering Congress & Exhibition (IChEC 2020), Tehran University, Fouman, Iran, 15-17 April, 2020. 32. Karami M.H., Kalaee M.R., Mazinani S., Chemorheology of Nano Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (n-NBR)/epoxy Nanocomposites, Proceeding of the 1st International Conference on Rheology (ICOR), Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran, 17-18 December, 2019. zohretaherkhani9262021395010.66224/irdpt.27739.6.1.39http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/27739http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27739http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27739http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27739http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27739http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27739http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27739http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27739 1. Rabiee A., Ershad-Langroudi A., Zeynali M.E., A Survey on Cationic Polyelectrolytes and Their Applications: Acrylamide Derivatives, Review Chemical Engineering, 31, 239–261, 2015. 2. Ma J., Shi J., Ding H., Zhu G., Fu K., Fu X., Synthesis of Cationic Polyacrylamide by Low-Pressure Uv Initiation for Turbidity Water Flocculation, Chemical Engineering Journal, 312, 20–29, 2017. 3. Xiong B., Loss R.D., Shields D., Pawlik T., Hochreiter R., Zydney L.R., Kumar M., Polyacrylamide Degradation and Its Implications in Environmental Systems, npj Clean Water, 1, 17, 2018. 4. Rabiee A., Acrylamide-Based Anionic Polyelectrolytes and Their Applications: A Survey, Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology, 16, 111-119, 2010. 5. Zheng H., Ma J., Ji F., Tang X., Chen W., Zhu J., Liao Y., Tan M., Synthesis and Application of Anionic Polyacrylamide in Water Treatment, Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25, 7071-7074, 2013. 6. Siyam T., Development of acrylamide polymers for the treatment of waste water, Designed Monomers and Polymers, 4, 107-168, 2001. 7. Fadner T.A., Morawetz H., Polymerization in the Crystalline State. I. Acrylamide, Journal of Polymer Science, 45, 475-501, 1960. 8. Rabiee A., Zeynali M.E., Baharvand H., Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide and Investigation on Its Properties, Iranian Polymer Journal, 14, 603-608, 2005. 9. Zeynali M.E., Rabiee A., Baharvand H., Synthesis of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide and Investigation of Solution Properties (Viscosity Behaviour), Iranian Polymer Journal, 13, 479-484, 2004. 10. Boltoa B., Gregory G., Organic Polyelectrolytes in Water Treatment, Water Research, 41, 2301-2324, 2007. 11. Zheng H., Zhu J., Jiang Z., Ji F., Tan M., Sun Y., Miao S., Zheng X., Research on Preparation and Application of Dewatering Agents for Tailings Water Treatment, Advanced Materials Research, 414, 172-178, 2011. 12. Daifa M., Shmoeli E., Domb A.J., Enhanced Flocculation Activity of Polyacrylamide‐Based Flocculant for Purification of Industrial Wastewater, Polymer Advances Technology, 30, 2636-2646, 2019. 3. Lee C.S., Robinson J., Chong M.F., A Review on Application of Flocculants in Wastewater Treatment, Process Safety and Environment Protection, 92, 489-508, 2014. 14. Ali M.A.M., Alsabagh A.M., Sabaa M., El‑Salamony R.A., Mohamed R.R., Morsi R.E., Polyacrylamide Hybrid Nanocomposites Hydrogels for Efficient Water Treatment, Iranian Polymer Journal, 29, 455–466, 2020. 15. Wang L.K., Wang M.H., Kao J.F., Application and Determination of Organic Polymers, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 9, 337–348, 1978. 16. Sojka R.E., Lentz RD. Reducing Furrow Irrigation Erosion with Polyacrylamide (PAM), Journal of Production Agriculture, 10, 47–52, 1997. 17. Gogate P.R., Pandit A.B., A Review of Imperative Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: I. Oxidation Technologies at Ambient Conditions, Advances in Environmental Research, 8, 501–551, 2004. 18. Chu C.P., Lee D.J., Chang B.V., You C.H., Liao C.S., Tay J.H., Anaerobic Digestion of Polyelectrolyte Flocculated Waste Activated Sludge, Chemosphere, 53, 757–764, 2003. 19. Kleimann J., Gehin-Delval C., Auweter H., Borkovec M., Super-stoichiometric Charge Neutralization in Particle-Polyelectrolyte Systems, Langmuir, 21, 3688–3698, 2005. 20. Ma J., Shi J., Ding H., Zhu G., Fu K., Fu X., Synthesis of Cationic Polyacrylamide by Low-Pressure Uv Initiation for Turbidity Water Flocculation, Chemical Engineering Journal, 312, 20–29, 2017. 21. Ma J.Y., Fu K., Shi J., Sun Y.J., Zhang X.X., Ding L., Ultraviolet-assisted Synthesis of Polyacrylamide-grafted Chitosan Nanoparticles and Flocculation Performance, Carbohydrate Polymer, 151, 565–575, 2016. 22. Guan Q.Q., Zheng H.L., Zhai J., Zhao C., Zheng X.K., Tang X.M., Effect of Template on Structure and Properties of Cationic Polyacrylamide: Characterization and Mechanism, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 53, 5624–5635, 2014. 23. Cheng Z., Dong Z., Su M., Zhang Y., Wang Z., He P., Synthesis of Cationic Polyacrylamide Via Inverse Emulsion Polymerization Method for the Application in Water Treatment, Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A: Pure and Applied Chemistry, 56, 76-85, 2019. 24. Dharani M., Balasubramanian S., Synthesis and Characterization of Piperazinium Polyelectrolytes Carrying Hydrophobic Functionalities: Effect of Counter Ion and Charge Density on Flocculation. Journal of Macromolecules Science A., 52, 577–585, 2015. 25. Feng L., Zheng H., Gao B., Zhang S., Zhao C., Zhou Y., Xu B., Fabricating an Anionic Polyacrylamide (Apam) with an Anionic Block Structure for High Turbidity Water Separation and Purification, RSC Advances, 7, 28918–28930, 2017. MohammadAzadi9262021516010.66224/irdpt.27740.6.1.51http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/27740http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27740http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27740http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27740http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27740http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27740http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27740http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/277401. Eyers D.R., Potter A.T., Industrial Additive Manufacturing: A Manufacturing Systems Perspective, Computers in Industry, 92-93, 208-218, 2017. 2. Dezianian S., Study of Fatigue Behavior in Materials, Made fromAdditive Manufacturing Methods, BSc Thesis, Semnan University, 2020. 3. Yuan Siang L., Wan Ting S., Lay Poh T., Yunlong W., Yuekun L., Huaqiong L., 4D Printing and Stimuli-Responsive Materials in Biomedical Applications, Acta Biomaterialia, 92, 19-36, 2019. 4. Gladman A.S., Matsumoto E.A., Nuzzo R.G., Mahadevan L., Lewis J.A., Biomimetic 4D Printing, Nature Material, 15, 413-418, 2016. 5. Quanjin M., Rejab M.R.M., Idris M.S., Kumar N.M., Abdullah M.H., Reddy G.R., Recent 3D and 4D Intelligent Printing Technologies: A ComparativeReview and Future Perspective, Procedia Computer Science, 167, 1210-1219, 2020. 6. Somolinos C.S., 4D Printing: An Enabling Technology for Soft Robotics,Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics, 2020. 7. Pei E., Loh G.H., Technological Considerations For 4D Printing: An Overview,Progress in Additive Manufacturing, 3, 95-107, 2018. 8. Leist S.K., Zhou J., Current Status of 4D Printing Technology and The Potential of Light-Reactive Smart Materials as 4D Printable Materials, Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 11(4): 249-262, 2016.https://doi.org/10.1080/17452759.2016.1198630. 9. Singh S., Ramakrishna S., Berto F., 3D Printing of Polymer Composites: A Short Review, Material Design & Processing Communications, 2, 97, 2020.https://doi.org/10.1002/mdp2.97. 10. Ntouanoglou K., Stavropoulos P., Mourtzis D., 4D Printing Prospects for the Aerospace Industry: ACritical Review, Procedia Manufacturing, 18, 120-129, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.11.016. 11.Hadith Vakili A., Talebpour Z., Development of Separation Methods by PolymerTools Made with a 3D Printer, Iranian Journal of Research and Development of Polymer Technology, 4 (16), 5-18, 2020. http://www.irdpt.ir/WebUsers/irdpt/UploadFiles/OK/13981226236099-F.pdf. 12. Correia D.M., Fernandes L.C., Pereira N., Barbosa J.C., Serra J.P., Pinto R.S., Costa C.M., Lanceros-Mendez S., All Printed Soft Actuators based on Ionic Liquid/Polymer Hybrid Materials, Applied Materials Today, 22, 100928, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2020.100928. 13. Javaid H., Haleem A., 4D Printing Applications in Medical Field: A Brief Review, Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 7(3), 317-321, 2019. 14. Booth M.J., Schild V.R., Graham A.D., Olof S.N., Bayley, H., Light-Activated Communication in Synthetic Tissues, Science Advances, 4(2), 1600056, 2016. 15. Miao S., Castro N., Nowicki M., Xia L., Cui H., Zhou X., Lee S.J., Sarkar K., Vozzi G., Tabata Y., Fisher J., Zhand L.G., 4D Printing of Polymeric Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Materials Today, 20(10), 577-591, 2017. 16. Hoa S.V., Rosca D.I., Formation of Letters in The Alphabet Using 4D Printing of Composites, Materials Today Communications, 25, 101115, 2020. 17. Abid H., Mohd J., 5D Printing and its Expected Applications in Orthopedics, Journal of Clinical Orthopedics and Trauma, 10, 809-810, 2019. 18. Abid H., Mohd J., Future Applications of Five-Dimensional Printing in Dentistry, Current Medicine Research and Practice, 9, 85-86, 2019. 19. Ghilan A., Chiriac A.P., Nita L.E., Rusu A.G., Neamtu I., Chiriac V.M., Trends in 3D Printing Processes for Biomedical Field: Opportunities and Challenges, Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 28, 1345-1367, 2020. 20. Ravinder Reddy P., Anjani Devi P., Review on the Advancements to Additive Manufacturing-4D and 5D Printing, International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development, 8, 397-402, 2018. 21. David J., Ethereal Machines wins CES 2018 'Best of Innovation' Award For Its Halo Hybrid 5D Printer, http://www.3ders.org/articles/20180111-ethereal-machines-wins-ces-2018-best-of-innovation-award-for-its-halo-hybrid-5d-printer.html, 2018. 22. Pramod K., Subarna R., Harsha H., Shweta B., Manish K., 4D and 5D Printing: Healthcare’s New Edge, 3D Printing Technology in Nanomedicine, 8, 143-163, 2019. 23. MERL, Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Gives 5D Printing a New Shot, http://3dprintingfromscratch.com/2016/07/merl-gives-5d-printing-a-new-shot, 2016. 24. Haleem A., Javaid M., Vaishya R., 5D Printing and Its Expected Applications in Orthopaedics, Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma, 10(4), 809-810, 2019. 25. Erin A., Jane S., Natalie E., Robert J., Robert Shen K., Mark S., Shanda H., From 3-Dimensional Printing to 5-Dimensional Printing: Enhancing Thoracic Surgical Planning and Resection of Complex Tumors, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 101, 1958-1962, 2016. 26. Sathe G., Meet Ethereal Machine's Halo, a '5D Printer' That's Just Won theBest of Innovation CES 2018 Award, Gadgets 360 an NDTV Venture, https://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/features/meet-ethereal-machines-halo-a-5d-printer-thats-justwon-the-best-of-innovation-ces-2018-award-1779765, 2017. 27. Sadiq H.A., Pradeep P.P., Review on 4D and 5D Printing Technology, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7, 744-751, 2020. 28. Abid H., Mohd J., Expected Applications of Five-Dimensional (5D) Printing in the MedicalField, Current Medicine Research and Practice, 9, 2019. 29. Foresti R., 5D Printing of Nano-laden FibreAerogel, European Journal of Applied Engineering and Scientific Research, 1, 16, 2020. 30. Azadi M., Dadashi A., Dezianian S., Kianifar M., Torkaman, S., Chiyani M., High-Cycle Bending Fatigue Properties of Additive-Manufactured ABS and PLA Polymers Fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling 3D-Printing, Forces in Mechanics, 3, 100016, 2021. 31. Donate R., Monzon M., Aleman-Dominguez M.E., Additive Manufacturing of PLA-Based Scaffolds Intended for Bone Regeneration and Strategies to Improve Their Biological Properties, e-Polymers, 20(1), 571-599, 2020, 32. Genova T., Rato I., Carossa M., Motta C., Cavagnetto D., Mussano F., Advances on Bone Substitutes through 3D Bioprinting, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(19), 7012, 2020. 33. Gregor A., Filova E., Novak M., Kronek J., Chlup H., Buzgo M., Blahnova V., Lukasova V., Bartos M., Necas A., Hosek J., Designing of PLA Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Replacement Fabricated by Ordinary Commercial 3D Printer, Journal of Biological Engineering, 11, 31, 2017. 34. Prasansha R., Balasubramanian K., Breakthrough in The Printing Tactics forStimuli-Responsive Materials: 4D Printing, Chemical Engineering Journal, 366, 264-304, 2019.. manochehrvosoughi9262021617010.66224/irdpt.27741.6.1.61http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/27741http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27741http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27741http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27741http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27741http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27741http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27741http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27741[1] Hoang Thi T. T., Sinh L. H., Huynh D. P., Nguyen D. H., Huynh C., Self-Assemblable Polymer Smart-Blocks for Temperature-Induced Injectable Hydrogel in Biomedical Applications, Frontiers in Chemistry, 19, 2020. [2] ParkK. M. , ParkK. D., Injectable Hydrogels: Properties and Applications, Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, 1-16, 2002. [3] Portnov T., Shulimzon T. R., Zilberman M., Injectable Hydrogel-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications, Reviews in Chemical Engineering, 1, 91-107, 2017. [4] Klouda L., Mikos A. G., Thermoresponsive Hydrogels in Biomedical Applications, European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics, 1, 34-45, 2008. [5] Matanović M. R., Kristl J., Grabnar P. A., Thermoresponsive Polymers: Insights Into Decisive Hydrogel Characteristics, Mechanisms of Gelation, and Promising Biomedical Applications, International journal of pharmaceutics, 1-2, 262-275, 2014. [6] PhillipsD. J., Gibson M. I., Towards Being Genuinely Smart: Isothermally-Responsive Polymers as Versatile, Programmable Scaffolds for Biologically-Adaptable Materials, Polymer Chemistry, 7, 1033-1043, 2015. [7] Huang H., Qi X., Chen Y., Wu Z., Thermo-sensitive Hydrogels for Delivering Bio therapeutic Molecules: A Review, Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 7, 990-999, 2019. [8] Bansal K., Upadhyay P., Saraogi G., Rosling A., Rosenholm J., Advances in Thermo-Responsive Polymers Exhibiting Upper Critical Solution Temperature (UCST), EXPRESS polymer letters, 11, 974-992, 2019. [9] Guo X., Wang L., Wei X., Zhou S., Polymer‐Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment, Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry,22, 3525-3550, 2016. [10] Zarrintaj P., Ramsey J. D., Samadi A., Atoufi Z., Yazdi M. K., Ganjali M. R., Amirabad L. M., Zangene E., Farokhi M., Formela K., Poloxamer: A Versatile Tri-Block Copolymer for Biomedical Applications, Acta Biomaterialia, 2020. [11] Eslahi N., Abdorahim M., Simchi A., Smart Polymeric Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: a Review on The Chemistry and Biological Functions, Biomacromolecules, 11, 3441-3463, 2016. [12] Altomare L., Bonetti L., Campiglio C. E., De Nardo L., Draghi L., Tana F., Farè S., Biopolymer-Based Strategies in The Design of Smart Medical Devices and Artificial Organs, International Journal of Artificial Organs, 6, 337-359, 2018. [13] Russo E., Villa C., Poloxamer hydrogels for Biomedical Applications, Pharmaceutics, 12, 671, 2019. [14] Makris E. A., Gomoll A. H., Malizos K. N., Hu J. C., Athanasiou K. A., Repair and Tissue Engineering Techniques for Articular Cartilage, Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 1, 21, 2015. [15] Eslahi N., Simchi A., Mehrjoo M., Shokrgozar M. A., Bonakdar S., Hybrid Cross-Linked Hydrogels Based on Fibrous Protein/Block Copolymers and Layered Silicate Nanoparticles: Tunable Thermosensitivity, Biodegradability and Mechanical Durability, RSC advances, 67, 62944-62957, 2016. [16] Shi K., Wang Y.-L., Qu Y., Liao J.-F., Chu B.-Y., Zhang H.-P., Luo F., Qian Z.-Y., Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Reversible PDLLA-PEG-PDLLA Copolymer Thermogels in Vitro and in Vivo, Scientific Reports, 19077, 2016. [17] Vagaská B., Bačáková L., Filovaá E., Balík K., Osteogenic Cells on Bio-Inspired Materials for Bone Tissue Engineering, Physiological Research, 3, 2010. [18] Diniz I. M., Chen C., Xu X., Ansari S., Zadeh H. H., Marques M. M., Shi S., Moshaverinia A., Pluronic F-127 Hydrogel As APromising Scaffold for Encapsulation Of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine,3, 153, 2015. [19] Deliormanlı A. M., Türk M., Flow Behavior and Drug Release Study of Injectable Pluronic F-127 Hydrogels containing Bioactive Glass and Carbon-Based Nanopowders, Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 4, 1184-1196, 2020. [20] Koehl M., Abrous D. N., A New Chapter In The Field Of Memory: Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis, European Journal of Neuroscience, 6, 1101-1114, 2011. [21] Nourbakhsh M., Zarrintaj P., Jafari S. H., Hosseini S. M., Aliakbari S., Pourbadie H. G., Naderi N., Zibaii M. I., Gholizadeh S. S., Ramsey J. D., Thomas S., Farokhi M., Saeb M. R., Fabricating An Electroactive Injectable Hydrogel Based On Pluronic-Chitosan/Aniline-Pentamer Containing Angiogenic Factor For Functional Repair Of The Hippocampus Ischemia Rat Model, Materials Science and Engineering C, 111328, 2020. [22] Patel M., Moon H. J., Jung B. K., Jeong B., Microsphere‐Incorporated Hybrid Thermogel For Neuronal Differentiation Of Tonsil Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Advanced Healthcare Materials, 10, 1565-1574, 2015. [23] Charlson F. J., Baxter A. J., Dua T., Degenhardt L., Whiteford H. A., Vos T., Excess Mortality From Mental, Neurological And Substance Use Disorders In The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 2, 121-140, 2015. [24] Chaney S. B., Ganesh K., Mathew‐Steiner S., Stromberg P., Roy S., Sen C. K., Wozniak D. J., Histopathological Comparisons Of Staphylococcus Aureus And Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Experimental Infected Porcine Burn Wounds, Wound Repair and Regeneration, 3, 541-549, 2017. [25] Rezaei F., Damoogh S., Reis R. L., Kundu S. C., Mottaghitalab F., Farokhi M., Dual Drug Delivery System Based on pH-Sensitive Silk Fibroin/Alginate Nanoparticles Entrapped In PNIPAM Hydrogel For Treating Severe Infected Burn Wound, Biofabrication, 1, 015005, 2020. [26] Dang L. H., Nguyen T. H., Tran H. L. B., Doan V. N., Tran N. Q., Injectable Nano Curcumin-Formulated Chitosan-g-Pluronic Hydrogel Exhibiting A Great Potential For Burn Treatment, Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2018. [27]. Huynh C. T, Nguyen M. K, Lee D. S., Injectable Block Copolymer Hydrogels: Achievements And Future Challenges For Biomedical Applications, Macromolecules, 17, 6629-6636, 2011. hoorimivechi9262021717610.66224/irdpt.27742.6.1.71http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/27742http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27742http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27742http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27742http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27742http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27742http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27742http://irdpt.ir/en/Article/Download/27742T S Galloway, Micro and Nano-plastics and Human Health, Chapter 13, University of Exeter, UK, 2015.